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Stefan Härtel is offline Stefan Härtel
King
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Jul 1999
time: 06:14
Question  Old Post 27-01-2001 16:24
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Philippines Support Apolyton or Terrorists Win

Hey amigos, I need some help on this: The Spanish-American War in the Philippines.
Thanks to the excellent scenario "The War of Cuba" I know a bit more about the Cuban War now, but what about the Philippines? Why did they become American after the war? What happened there (I know only that a Spanish fleet was destroyed in the bay of Manila)????


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Prometeus is offline Prometeus
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of Old Europe - "In America we don't trust"
Jun 2000
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Smile  Old Post 27-01-2001 16:36
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The battle of Manila, and a continous gerrilla warfare after the conquest. That's all i know about these islands. I'm curious too... try to look at Altavista, spanish section...

Jay Bee is offline Jay Bee
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Jan 1970
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  Old Post 27-01-2001 16:44 Visit Jay Bee's homepage!
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It was very simple, The Americans wanted the archipelago and took it by force. Ditto for the island of Guam. The War of Cuba was the perfect excuse. Spain of course was no match at all for the US military. This, together with the enormous distance between Philipines and the motherland made the war short and easy for the Americans.

What is a pity is that, except for the names of most of the people, Philippines has completely lost its Hispanic roots. Practically no one speaks Spanish there anymore. The Americans did in Philippines what they didn't do in California, Florida, Texas etc.... It's so funny that people called Marcos, Aquino or Estrada can't speak a word in Spanish!

The only famous Spanish-speaking Filipino is Enrique Iglesias... who is only half-Filipino. A bit pathetic, uh?
[This message has been edited by Jay Bee (edited January 27, 2001).]

Chris 62 is offline Chris 62
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Arrow  Old Post 27-01-2001 19:00
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This is one I can help with. After the battle of Manilla Bay, the US commander Dewey sent a naval landing party to take Manilla. The natives under Aguinaldo at first welcomed this, as they thought that they would be granted independance. When an American division (commanded by Arthur MacArthur, Douglas MacArthur's father), arrived in July, Aguinaldo unleashed a full scale insurgency that would last eleven years. The US contingent in the Boxer rebellion in China was drawn from it's phillipine forces. The Spanish Prime Minister Sagasta excepted 20 million dollars as payment for the Phillipines, in the hope it would soften the US position on Cuba(Many in the US congress wanted to annex Cuba, others wanted to offer statehood. Just think how different history would be if that happened!) For an excellent book on the Spanish-american war try "A ship to remenber" by Michael Blow. Despite it's title, it covers the whole war. If you want a more detailed accout, e-mail me and I'll send you some info on it.

Chris 62 is offline Chris 62
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Lightbulb  Old Post 27-01-2001 19:07
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quote:

Originally posted by Jay Bee on 01-27-2001 06:44 AM
It was very simple, The Americans wanted the archipelago and took it by force. Ditto for the island of Guam. The War of Cuba was the perfect excuse. Spain of course was no match at all for the US military. This, together with the enormous distance between Philipines and the motherland made the war short and easy for the Americans.




Hey Jay Bee, did you know at the time the world thought that Spain would win easily? When the US asiatic fleet left it's base in Hong Kong(the british let them keep ships there at that time, as the US had no asian bases in 1898), bets were being taken by all the other ships on when(not if!) the Spanish would destroy the Americans!

Jay Bee is offline Jay Bee
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Jan 1970
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  Old Post 27-01-2001 21:19 Visit Jay Bee's homepage!
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quote:


Hey Jay Bee, did you know at the time the world thought that Spain would win easily? When the US asiatic fleet left it's base in Hong Kong(the british let them keep ships there at that time, as the US had no asian bases in 1898), bets were being taken by all the other ships on when(not if!) the Spanish would destroy the Americans!


Well, I am not so sure of that. Everybody knew at that time that the Spanish navy was faaar away from what had been in the past. Some ships were actually pretty good and other were.... wooden ships! On top of that t the officers were just terrible

Another important factor you pointed out is that the assistance that the UK provided to the US and not to Spain, despite they had declared themselves neutral. If Germany had joined on the Spanish side.... (which could have well occurred), things might have been so different.

Did you know that a bunch of Spanish soldiers resisted in a church deep in the jungle for more than 100 days after the armistice was signed? They refused to admit that Spain could have surrendered so soon.


[This message has been edited by Jay Bee (edited January 27, 2001).]

Chris 62 is offline Chris 62
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Thumbs up  Old Post 28-01-2001 10:18
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quote:

Originally posted by Jay Bee on 01-27-2001 11:19 AM


Did you know that a bunch of Spanish soldiers resisted in a church deep in the jungle for more than 100 days after the armistice was signed? They refused to admit that Spain could have surrendered so soon.




Didn't know that one! I'll add it to my files!

[This message has been edited by cpoulos (edited January 27, 2001).]

Stefan Härtel is offline Stefan Härtel
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Jul 1999
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Post  Old Post 28-01-2001 03:14
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cpoulos: Mail sent

Jay Bee:

quote:

Another important factor you pointed out is that the assistance that the UK provided to the US and
not to Spain, despite they had declared themselves neutral. If Germany had joined on the Spanish
side.... (which could have well occurred), things might have been so different.


Yes, Germany might have had joined the war, since Spain enterred the Triple Alliance in 1887. They had their base in Tsingtau, and Wilhelm had his troubles with England (although he was the grandson of Victoria!). In Europe the situation was not different either. Whilst under Wilhelm I. (1871-1888) and Bismarck the relations between Germany and Britain were very close and intensive, they had several hostilities under Wilhelm II. (A war almost occured in the 1890s when Germany was supporting Russia with arms).

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Jay Bee is offline Jay Bee
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Jan 1970
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  Old Post 28-01-2001 03:27 Visit Jay Bee's homepage!
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Spain has traditionally been very proximal to Germany. There are multiple examples throughout history. Spain sold the Marianas archipelago to Germany in 1899 after so much insistence on the part of Germany. Had Spain ceded the Marianas a bit before, Germany would have felt 'obliged' to defend Spain against the perennial "Angloimperialistic" agression. German naval power + Spanish ground troops equipped with German guns = Decisive American defeat. History however tends to be written lately in a very Anglophile way

kIndal is offline kIndal
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de la taifa de Almería, Spain.
Oct 2000
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Cool  Old Post 28-01-2001 03:49 Visit kIndal's homepage!
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Not always Germany has been our friend, at this moment I remember when some years after "the disaster of 98" German battleship "Panther" make a show of their militar power in the Spanish-Morroccian?(¿como se dice marroqui?) city of Agadir, this fact is consider as the preliminars of The First World War and meaning a reorganization of the colonialism in Africa to the detriment of Spain which lost lots of parts of Morrocco.
But really, Wir have very schon relationships with Deustchland

kIndal is offline kIndal
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Oct 2000
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Cool  Old Post 28-01-2001 03:52 Visit kIndal's homepage!
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I have forgotten!!!!!!!
Stefan i have some information about the revolt in Philipinnes against Spanish, if you want it, just send me a email to indalito@yahoo.com

Stefan Härtel is offline Stefan Härtel
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Jul 1999
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Post  Old Post 28-01-2001 05:21
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The "Panthersprung" to Agadir had other backgrounds. It was one of the many hostilities "we" had to France. France wanted to dominate Morocco, but Germany had many economical interests there. It is too difficult and extensive to write out here, but it turned out that Germany became patron of Morocco, and twice, in 1906 (or 1908, I'm not sure) and in 1911 it nearly came to war with France, however it was turned away in the last second, France got Morocco, Germany got a little terrain expansion in Cameroon (which they had to cede to France again six years later ).
The "Panther" was a German cannon boat that appeared at the fortress of Agadir in 1911, this sighting loosened the second crisis. I don't know wether the fortress was Spanish or French, but our French amis took it personally

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Jay Bee is offline Jay Bee
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Valladolid, CA
Jan 1970
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  Old Post 28-01-2001 05:31 Visit Jay Bee's homepage!
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I agree with Stefan. The German showdown in Agadir was not against the Spanish but the French.

Unrelated to the topic, I just remembered something:

They seek him here, they seek him there, those Frenchies seek him everywhere. Will be in hell, will be in heaven, that dammned and elusive Scarlet Pimpernel?... (what a beautiful movie! )

(PS. I may have made up part of the verses. It's been several years since I last saw the movie.)
[This message has been edited by Jay Bee (edited January 27, 2001).]

Chris 62 is offline Chris 62
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Jan 2001
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Lightbulb  Old Post 28-01-2001 07:55
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quote:

Originally posted by Jay Bee on 01-27-2001 05:27 PM
Spain has traditionally been very proximal to Germany. There are multiple examples throughout history. Spain sold the Marianas archipelago to Germany in 1899 after so much insistence on the part of Germany. Had Spain ceded the Marianas a bit before, Germany would have felt 'obliged' to defend Spain against the perennial "Angloimperialistic" agression. German naval power + Spanish ground troops equipped with German guns = Decisive American defeat. History however tends to be written lately in a very Anglophile way

Let me chime in here with an american(BOOOO) point of view. Navel power in this time was very much depended upon coaling stations to move major warships. The USN(United States Navy) was fighting very close to home in the carribean. Also Germany did not have any vessels to match the U.S. Idaho class. The first german ship with similar weapons wasn't built until three years later(1901 SMS Braunschweig). There were no dreadnaughts(1905). The USN had begun a major exspanion in 1900 (caused in part by A.T.Mahan's book). It is also important to understand that Imperial Germany had close ties to Britian(Bismark's doing), and so was unlikly to aid Spain if the cost were British intervention. A word about British help(This part is for you Jay Bee). The U.S. Asiatic fleet always was stationed at Hong Kong in the winter(in summer it was in Japan). When word that war was declared between the US and Spain the american vessels were given 24 hours to clear out, as was required by international law. This fleet headed right for Manila. The German squadron on the asiatic station at that time had only old and slow protected cruisers, no match for the modern U.S.S.Olypia. Also, the US was a maritime power of long standing and the germans were not. As for history, it is always written by the victors, so always take it with a grain of salt.


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Jay Bee is offline Jay Bee
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Jan 1970
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  Old Post 28-01-2001 17:06 Visit Jay Bee's homepage!
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Well, cpoulos, despite your comments being with an American point of view ( ) you are most likely correct (at least more than me, who was speaking in terms of what if). According to the book "the Last of the Philippines" by Manuel Leguineche (dedicated to those brave but crazy men to whom I referred to in a previous post), the American ships were allowed to dock in British ports while the Spanish were not.

Also I must bring here these famous words by Roosevelt: "please tell the President to send more troops to the island, for we might be on the verge of the greatest American disaster", which tell me that if the Spanish army had had German guns, the invasion of Cuba by the American troops could have resulted in a massacre. The Spanish did not receive German guns only because Britain vetoed it.

PS. The comment about history being written in an Anglophile way meant to be a compliment.

Stefan Härtel is offline Stefan Härtel
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Jul 1999
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Post  Old Post 28-01-2001 18:13
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First, cpoulos, thank you very much for that document. I guess that if I ever need any info on american history, you are the right person to ask?

Second, in case if anyone is interested, here are the statistics for the imperial marine as taken from Ks. Wilhelm's Tables (1899):

Ironclads:

1894: "Kurfürst Friedrich Wilhelm"
1000 Tons I Class

1894: "Weissenburg"
3490 Tons IV Class

1895: "Hagen"
3490 Tons IV Class

1895: "Heimdall"
3940 Tons IV Class

1896: "Odin"
3530 Tons IV Class

1896: "Aegir"
3530 TOns IV Class

1898: "Kaiser Friedrich III"
1100 Tons I Class

1899: "Friedrich der Grosse"
1100 Tons

Iron Cruisers:

1899: "Ersatz (replacement) Leipzig"
10000 Tons I Class

Protected Cruisers:

1898: "Ersatz (replacement) Freya"
5600 Tons II Class

1897: "K"
5600 Tons II Class

1897: "L"
5600 Tons II Class

1898: "M"
5600 Tons II Class

1898: "N"
5600 Tons II Class

Remarks: On April 1st 1898 the Imperial Navy of Germany totalled 96 ships: 19 Ironclads of Class I, II and IV
13 Armoured Gunboats
24 Cruisers of I-IV Class
3 Gunboats
and 37 ships of other types.

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Chris 62 is offline Chris 62
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Thumbs up  Old Post 28-01-2001 19:45
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quote:

Originally posted by Jay Bee on 01-28-2001 07:06 AM

Also I must bring here these famous words by Roosevelt: "please tell the President to send more troops to the island, for we might be on the verge of the greatest American disaster", which tell me that if the Spanish army had had German guns, the invasion of Cuba by the American troops could have resulted in a massacre. The Spanish did not receive German guns only because Britain vetoed it.




It might be best to state right here that the US forces sent to Cuba were poorly led and organized, while the American navy was in better shape. Roosevelt's "Rough Riders" were recently raised voulenteers, and Teddy Roosevelt knew more about sea power then land power. As with all what if's, who can say? As you know better then myself, Spain was using many european weapons at this time. The powers at the time seem really reluctant to take the US or american republics(which would receive US support under the Monroe Doctrone). But one last comment on this war: The American press started this war for complex reasons(mostly so that the US could have it's "place in the sun"). For Stefan: Any time you need anything else, just drop me a line, and I'll help if I can.

[This message has been edited by cpoulos (edited January 28, 2001).]

Chris 62 is offline Chris 62
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Talking  Old Post 28-01-2001 19:48
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quote:

Originally posted by Jay Bee on 01-28-2001 07:06 AM

PS. The comment about history being written in an Anglophile way meant to be a compliment.



Thank you!


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kIndal is offline kIndal
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And what´s about the German disembark in Carolines Islands???? When Spain people claimed for a war against Germany. It had been very funny, the conquest of the peninsula by German, hehehe.

I think that Spain has some posibilities of supporting (not win) the war, with the active help of Germany, but the Spanish goverment and general were totally incompetent. The Cavite combat in Philippines could be win by Spanish if generals had made the timely actions, put mines in the bay and armed the cannons (they were in stores), and the Spanish warships weren´t so bad, but they were very bad conservated. And we have to remember that Egipcian goverment didn´t allowed the passing of Camara´s navy by the Channel of Suez, animated by Great Britain. In Ground campaigns US forces hadn´t any posibilities of winning Spanish forces but the last colonies were very far from the mother country and there was no money to a long war.

And what about the conquest of Guam??? the American warships started to bombing the Spanish fort, but with so bad aim that Spanish thought that Americans were making cannon´s salvoes, they took a boat and went to American ships to say that they couldn´t return the salutes because they had no gunpowder and projectiles for their cannons (and had any radio because they didn´t know that Spain and USA were in war).

Stefan, i have sent you an email.

jasev is offline jasev
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quote:

Originally posted by Jay Bee on 01-27-2001 06:44 AM

What is a pity is that, except for the names of most of the people, Philippines has completely lost its Hispanic roots. Practically no one speaks Spanish there anymore. The Americans did in Philippines what they didn't do in California, Florida, Texas etc.... It's so funny that people called Marcos, Aquino or Estrada can't speak a word in Spanish!

[This message has been edited by Jay Bee (edited January 27, 2001).]


Jay Bee, this time I must disagree. The Yankees aren't guilty of that. In fact, Spanish are. The true is that spanish clerics never teach the spanish language to the tribes in Philippines, they prefered to learn the local languages. ¿The cause? This way, they were able to control the situation because they were a necessary intermediary between spanish officers and the natives. The Catholic church, today, is still a very strong political force in Philippines and the spanish kings, who gave the islands them, are guilty of that "losing spanish roots"... because that roots never existed.

Answering to Stephan's original request, I've got a book: "Yo te diré...", by Manuel Leguineche, that exposes the previous wars against the natives, the complete conquest of the islands by the americans and the consequences of all that. If you are interested, I can provide you of information.


[This message has been edited by jasev (edited February 07, 2001).]

Waku is offline Waku
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Nov 2000
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quote:

Originally posted by Jay Bee on 01-27-2001 06:44 AM
What is a pity is that, except for the names of most of the people, Philippines has completely lost its Hispanic roots. Practically no one speaks Spanish there anymore. The Americans did in Philippines what they didn't do in California, Florida, Texas etc.... It's so funny that people called Marcos, Aquino or Estrada can't speak a word in Spanish!
[This message has been edited by Jay Bee (edited January 27, 2001).]


There is something curious about the spanish inherit of Philippines. Not only their names are spanish but the way they count, they speak english but they use numbers (dates, hours, etc.) in spanish. I know this 'cos i work in the maritime sector (there are always lots of Philippines among the crew) and i have had to answer in spanish questions like these: what time is the ship sailing?, in which bay r we gonna start? how much does it weight? ...

funny isn't it?

Jay Bee is offline Jay Bee
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Jasev,

I think you are putting too much faith (or too little, depending on the viewpont ) in our Holy Catholic Church (no pun intended). I accept that the Spanish language did not reach and/or was not of much use for a majority of natives living in 'less-civilized' areas. But to say that no Spanish roots ever existed in Philippines is unfair and exaggerated. The fact that a huge number of filipino people have Spanish names proves the Hispanic roots of these people beyond any doubt. But there is also the folklore, the customs, the architecture.... the tagalo language is still so impregnated by 350 years of Spanish presence that even its phonetics is remarkably similar to that of Spanish. I really believe that Philippines is still a Hispanic country... where nobody speaks Spanish.

Spanish was the language of government, of business, of leisure, of everything... Any filipino who wanted to be somebody had necessarily to speak Spanish. That seems obvious. When the Americans came they just eliminated Spanish and put English in its place (perfectly logical, on the other hand). That's why today's filipinos speak tagalo and English. And that's also why so many dark-skinned, Spanish-speaking filipinos left their country to settle in Spain (Isabel Preysler among them) or Latin America. I bet you know several people with filipino blood.

The issue is, why the filipino lost the Spanish language? Why such a 'de-hispanization' happened in Philippines and not e.g. in Puerto Rico??? Most likely because the filipino people, unlike the Puertoricans, did not care at all whether their masters were Spanish- or English-speaking. In this sense I agree with your viewpoint and accept that Spanish colonial rule miserably failed to create a Hispanic sense of pride among the filipino people, this making the 'de-hispanization' much easier.

Another interesting example of strong sense of Hispanic pride is that of the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico... I am digressing





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